{"chart":{"slug":"bank-failures-by-year","title":"How many U.S. banks have failed each year?","takeaway":"Bank failures peaked at 530 in 1989, during the savings-and-loan crisis, when about 2,400 banks and thrifts failed from 1980 to 1995. The financial crisis brought 140 failures in 2009 and 157 in 2010, and only five banks failed in 2023, though three of them were among the biggest ever. Nine banks failed in 1934, the FDIC's first year, and none failed in 2005, 2006, 2018, 2021 or 2022. The count includes savings and loans closed by the FSLIC and the Resolution Trust Corporation, but not banks kept open with government help.","topic":"Banks","chart_type":"bar","ranking":false,"x_label":"Year","y_label":"Banks that failed","unit":null,"points_count":92,"source":{"name":"FDIC BankFind Suite, bank failures and assistance data","url":"https://banks.data.fdic.gov/bankfind-suite/failures"},"license":{"name":"Public domain (U.S. government work; FDIC)","url":"https://www.usa.gov/government-copyright"},"data_as_of":"2025-12-31","updated_at":"2026-09-27T11:54:50.670Z","url":"https://chart.ly/charts/bank-failures-by-year","api_url":"https://chart.ly/api/v1/charts/bank-failures-by-year","csv_url":"https://chart.ly/charts/bank-failures-by-year/data.csv","image_url":"https://chart.ly/charts/bank-failures-by-year/image.png","embed_url":"https://chart.ly/charts/bank-failures-by-year/embed","average_label":null,"zero_axis":true,"data":[{"label":"1934","value":9},{"label":"1935","value":25},{"label":"1936","value":69},{"label":"1937","value":75},{"label":"1938","value":74},{"label":"1939","value":60},{"label":"1940","value":43},{"label":"1941","value":15},{"label":"1942","value":20},{"label":"1943","value":5},{"label":"1944","value":2},{"label":"1945","value":1},{"label":"1946","value":1},{"label":"1947","value":5},{"label":"1948","value":3},{"label":"1949","value":4},{"label":"1950","value":4},{"label":"1951","value":2},{"label":"1952","value":3},{"label":"1953","value":2},{"label":"1954","value":2},{"label":"1955","value":5},{"label":"1956","value":2},{"label":"1957","value":1},{"label":"1958","value":4},{"label":"1959","value":3},{"label":"1960","value":1},{"label":"1961","value":5},{"label":"1962","value":1},{"label":"1963","value":2},{"label":"1964","value":7},{"label":"1965","value":5},{"label":"1966","value":7},{"label":"1967","value":4},{"label":"1968","value":3},{"label":"1969","value":9},{"label":"1970","value":7},{"label":"1971","value":6},{"label":"1972","value":1},{"label":"1973","value":6},{"label":"1974","value":4},{"label":"1975","value":13},{"label":"1976","value":16},{"label":"1977","value":5},{"label":"1978","value":7},{"label":"1979","value":10},{"label":"1980","value":10},{"label":"1981","value":9},{"label":"1982","value":34},{"label":"1983","value":50},{"label":"1984","value":83},{"label":"1985","value":139},{"label":"1986","value":162},{"label":"1987","value":217},{"label":"1988","value":232},{"label":"1989","value":530},{"label":"1990","value":381},{"label":"1991","value":268},{"label":"1992","value":179},{"label":"1993","value":50},{"label":"1994","value":15},{"label":"1995","value":8},{"label":"1996","value":6},{"label":"1997","value":1},{"label":"1998","value":3},{"label":"1999","value":8},{"label":"2000","value":7},{"label":"2001","value":4},{"label":"2002","value":11},{"label":"2003","value":3},{"label":"2004","value":4},{"label":"2005","value":0},{"label":"2006","value":0},{"label":"2007","value":3},{"label":"2008","value":25},{"label":"2009","value":140},{"label":"2010","value":157},{"label":"2011","value":92},{"label":"2012","value":51},{"label":"2013","value":24},{"label":"2014","value":18},{"label":"2015","value":8},{"label":"2016","value":5},{"label":"2017","value":8},{"label":"2018","value":0},{"label":"2019","value":4},{"label":"2020","value":4},{"label":"2021","value":0},{"label":"2022","value":0},{"label":"2023","value":5},{"label":"2024","value":2},{"label":"2025","value":2}],"annotations":[{"to":"1992","from":"1986","text":"After interest rates soared around 1980 and real estate and energy loans went bad, hundreds of savings and loans (thrifts) and banks failed each year, with a peak of 530 failures in 1989. Congress set up the Resolution Trust Corporation in 1989 to close the failed thrifts.","title":"Savings-and-loan crisis"},{"to":"2010","from":"2008","text":"As home prices fell and mortgage losses mounted, 322 banks failed from 2008 through 2010, including Washington Mutual in 2008, the biggest U.S. bank failure on record.","title":"Financial crisis"},{"to":"2023","from":"2023","text":"Only five banks failed, but three of them, Silicon Valley Bank, Signature Bank and First Republic Bank, were among the four biggest failures on record. Rising interest rates had cut the value of the bonds they held, and depositors pulled their money out quickly.","title":"Bank runs of 2023"}]},"docs":"https://chart.ly/developers","credit":"FDIC BankFind Suite, bank failures and assistance data, via Chartly (https://chart.ly/charts/bank-failures-by-year)"}